Gentianaceae

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  Bartonia

  1a. Leaves of the stem reduced to scales 0.5–4.5 mm long; flowers 2.5–4 (–7) mm long; lobes of the corolla imbricate in bud
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  1b. Leaves of the stem foliaceous [Fig. 669], (5–) 10–150 mm long; flowers 5–55 mm long; lobes of the corolla convolute in bud
  • See list of 3 genera in 2a
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    2a. Corolla rotate, with lobes much longer than the basal, connate portion [Figs. 668,669]
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      Lomatogonium

      3a. Style absent, the stigmas decurrent on the sides of the ovary along the carpel sutures; stamens epipetalous; anthers basifixed
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      3b. Style present, the stigmas elevated above the ovary; stamens free from the petals; anthers versatile
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        Sabatia

        4a. Corolla with (4–) 5–12 lobes [Figs. 668,669], the lobes lacking a prominent glandular spot; anthers recurving or coiling after anthesis
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        Frasera

        4b. Corolla with 4 (rarely 5) lobes, each lobe with a prominent, fringed, glandular spot; anthers remaining straight
  • See list of 6 genera in 2b
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    2b. Corolla tubular, funnelform, campanulate, or salverform, with lobes shorter than the basal, connate portion
    • See list of 2 genera in 5a
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      5a. Style evident, slender; corolla salverform, red-purple to pink to nearly white; anthers becoming spirally coiled
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        Centaurium

        6a. Inflorescence a panicle-like or corymb-like cyme; style slightly bifid, divided for a short distance below the stigma lobes; stigma lobes semicircular to bluntly triangular from side view, fleshy; capsules narrow-cylindrical
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        Schenkia

        6b. Inflorescence a spike-like cyme; style not divided beneath the stigma lobes; stigma lobes flabellate from side view, only slightly fleshy; capsules ellipsoid
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      5b. Style absent, inconspicuous, or short and stout; corolla cylindric, funnelform, or campanulate, blue to white or green to purple-green; anthers not spirally coiled
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        Halenia

        7a. Lobes of the corolla with conspicuous, basal spurs in the larger flowers; corolla green to purple-green
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        7b. Lobes of the corolla lacking spurs; corolla blue to white
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          Gentiana

          8a. Sinuses of the corolla folded or plaited, often of a color or texture different from those of the corolla lobes; plants perennial; calyx with a continuous membrane or rim on the inside at the summit; nectary glands located at base of ovary
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          8b. Sinuses of the corolla neither folded nor plaited, of a color and texture similar to those of the lobes; plants annual or biennial; calyx without a membrane or 
with a membrane confined to the base of each sinus; nectary glands located at base of corolla
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            Gentianopsis

            9a. Margins of the corolla lobes conspicuously fringed in the apical portion [Fig. 667]; corolla 35–55 mm long, usually 4-merous; ovules covering much of the inner surface of the ovary; calyx with a membrane on the inside at the base of each sinus; seeds papillose
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            Gentianella

            9b. Margins of the corolla lobes not fringed; corolla 10–23 mm long, commonly 5-merous; ovules confined to bands along each of the 2 sutures of the ovary; calyx without an internal membrane; seeds smooth

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