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- Asteraceae
- Asteraceae Group 4
- Perezia
- Perezia multiflora
Perezia multiflora — perezia
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New England distribution
Adapted from BONAP data
Native: indigenous.
Non-native: introduced (intentionally or unintentionally); has become naturalized.
County documented: documented to exist in the county by evidence (herbarium specimen, photograph). Also covers those considered historical (not seen in 20 years).
State documented: documented to exist in the state, but not documented to a county within the state. Also covers those considered historical (not seen in 20 years).
Note: when native and non-native populations both exist in a county, only native status is shown on the map.
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Facts
Perezia is native to Western and Southern South America, and is not on record as having been collected anywhere in North America except for Massachusetts.
Habitat
Anthropogenic (man-made or disturbed habitats), meadows and fields
Characteristics
- Habitat
- terrestrial
- New England state
- Massachusetts
- Leaf type
- leaves are simple (lobed or unlobed but not separated into leaflets)
- Leaf arrangement
- alternate: there is one leaf per node along the stem
- Leaf blade edges
-
- the edge of the leaf blade has lobes, or it has both teeth and lobes
- the edge of the leaf blade has teeth
- Flower type in flower heads
- the flower head has tubular disk flowers in the center and ray flowers, these often strap-shaped, around the periphery
- Ray flower color
-
- blue to purple
- white
- Tuft or plume on fruit
- at least a part of the plume is made up of fine bristles
- Spines on plant
- there are spines on the plant
- Leaf blade length
- 20–250 mm
-
Flowers
- Bract cycle number
- there are three or more cycles of bracts
- Bract inner side hairs
- the bracts are hairy on their inner surfaces
- Bract margins
- NA
- Bract outer side hair type
- the bracts are hairy on their outer surfaces, with hairs having glands (a swelling at the tip of the hair)
- Bract outer side hairs
- the bracts are hairy on their outer surfaces
- Bract spines
- there is just one simple spine at the tip of the bract
- Bract width
- 3–3.2
- Disk flower color
-
- blue to purple
- white
- Disk flower lobe number
- 5
- Disk flower reproductive parts
- the disk flower has both pollen- and seed-producing parts
- Flower head outer flowers
- at the outer edge of the flower head, each flower has a single enlarged lobe or strap
- Flower head platform
- the base has no bristles or papery scales
- Flower head profile
- the disk is flat or nearly flat across the top
- Flower head shape
- NA
- Flower type in flower heads
- the flower head has tubular disk flowers in the center and ray flowers, these often strap-shaped, around the periphery
- Height of flower head base
- 10–12 mm
- Inflorescence stem
- hairs are present on the stem of the inflorescence
- Ovary cross-section
- the ovary has five or more corners in cross-section
- Ray flower color
-
- blue to purple
- white
- Ray flower reproductive parts
- the ray flowers have carpels or stamens, but not both
- Ray flowers
-
- 11-15
- 16-25
- 26-50
- 6-10
- Reproductive system
- some of the flowers on the plant have only carpels or stamens, while others have both carpels and stamens
- Width of flower head base
- 8–9 mm
-
Fruits or seeds
- Ovary length in developed fruit
- 2.5–4 mm
- Ovary width in developed fruit
- 1–1.5 mm
- Seed hair tuft color
-
- the pappus hairs are tan to dark brown
- the pappus hairs are white or off-white
- Seed hair tuft length
- At least 8.6 mm
- Seed hairs uniform
- all the pappus hairs are approximately the same length
- Seed tuft type
- the pappus is made of very fine hairs or bristles
- Tuft or plume on fruit
- at least a part of the plume is made up of fine bristles
-
Growth form
- Growth form
- the plant has one or more free-standing stems
- Plant lifespan
- the plant is perennial, it shows evidence of previous year's leaves, stems or stem bases
- Spines on plant
- there are spines on the plant
- Underground organs
-
- the plant has a rhizome (a horizontal underground stem with roots growing from it)
- there is a thickened taproot on the plant
-
Leaves
- Hairs on underside of leaf blade
-
- the underside of the leaf is fuzzy or hairy
- the underside of the leaf is not hairy, or has very few hairs
- Hairs on upper side of leaf blade
-
- the upper side of the leaf is fuzzy or hairy
- the upper side of the leaf is not hairy, or has very few hairs
- Leaf arrangement
- alternate: there is one leaf per node along the stem
- Leaf blade base
-
- the leaf has a distinct petiole
- the leaf has no petiole
- the leaf has no petiole and at the base it clasps the stem, or goes all the way around the stem so the stem appears to pierce the leaf
- Leaf blade base shape
- the base of the leaf blade is cuneate (wedge-shaped, tapers to the base with relatively straight, converging edges), or narrow
- Leaf blade edges
-
- the edge of the leaf blade has lobes, or it has both teeth and lobes
- the edge of the leaf blade has teeth
- Leaf blade hairs
- the leaf blade has hairs with glands at their tips
- Leaf blade length
- 20–250 mm
- Leaf blade shape
-
- the leaf blade is lanceolate (lance-shaped; widest below the middle and tapering at both ends)
- the leaf blade is linear (very narrow with more or less parallel sides)
- the leaf blade is oblanceolate (lance-shaped, but with the widest point above the middle of the leaf blade)
- Leaf blade width
- 8–30 mm
- Leaf disposition
-
- the leaves are nearly similar in size, prominence of teeth, and length of stalks throughout the stem
- the lower leaves are larger, toothier, and/or on longer stalks than the upper leaves
- Leaf spines
- there are spines along the leaf edges
- Leaf type
- leaves are simple (lobed or unlobed but not separated into leaflets)
- Specific leaf type
-
- the leaf has a row of two or more lobes on each side of the central axis
- the leaves are simple (lobed or unlobed but not separated into leaflets
-
Place
- Habitat
- terrestrial
- New England state
- Massachusetts
- Specific habitat
-
- man-made or disturbed habitats
- meadows or fields
-
Stem, shoot, branch
- Leaves on stem
- there is at least one full leaf above the base of the flowering stem
- Stem internode hair type
- at least some of the hairs on the stem have glands
- Stem internode hairs
- the stem has hairs between the nodes
Wetland status
Not classified
New England distribution and conservation status
Distribution
- Connecticut
- absent
- Maine
- absent
- Massachusetts
- present
- New Hampshire
- absent
- Rhode Island
- absent
- Vermont
- absent
Conservation status
None
From the dichotomous key of Flora Novae Angliae
1. Perezia multiflora (Humb. & Bonpl.) ssp. sonchifolia (Baker) Vuill. E
perezia. Perezia aletes Macbride; P. sonchifolia Baker • MA. Fields, roadsides, waste areas.