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- Schoenoplectus hallii
Schoenoplectus hallii — Hall's bulrush
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New England distribution
Adapted from BONAP data
Native: indigenous.
Non-native: introduced (intentionally or unintentionally); has become naturalized.
County documented: documented to exist in the county by evidence (herbarium specimen, photograph). Also covers those considered historical (not seen in 20 years).
State documented: documented to exist in the state, but not documented to a county within the state. Also covers those considered historical (not seen in 20 years).
Note: when native and non-native populations both exist in a county, only native status is shown on the map.
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Facts
Hall's bulrush is currently unknown in New England, its only historical populations having disappeared from two pond shores in eastern Massachusetts.
Habitat
Shores of rivers or lakes
Characteristics
- Habitat
-
- aquatic
- wetlands
- New England state
- Massachusetts
- Stem shape in cross-section
- the stem is round or oval in cross-section
- Leaf blade width
- 0.2–1 mm
- Leaf blade cross-section
- the leaf blade is flat or rolled in at the edges
- Inflorescence position
- the inflorescence appears to come from the side of the plant because the involucral bract at its base looks like an extension of the main stem
- Inflorescence branching
-
- the inflorescence is branched
- the inflorescence is on one or more stems with no branches
- Fruit type (general)
- the fruit is like a seed, and surrounded by scales
- Fruit length
- 1.3–2.5 mm
- Leaf position on plant
- some leaf attachment points are above the midpoint of the stem
- Perianth composition
- there is no perianth on the plant
- Fruit cross-section
-
- the fruit is lenticular (lens-shaped) in cross-section
- the fruit is triangular to terete (circular) in cross-section
-
Flowers
- Anther length
- 0.4–0.6 mm
- Floral bristle color
- NA
- Floral bristle number
- 0
- Floral bristle relative length
- NA
- Floral bristles
- NA
- Floral scale hairs
- the floral scales have hairs on them
- Floral scale length
- 2.5–5 mm
- Floral scale shape
- the floral scales are ovate (roughly egg-shaped)
- Floral scale translucent
- the floral scales are translucent
- Inflorescence bract angle
- the bracts are vertical or angled only slightly outwards
- Inflorescence bract number
- there is just one bract on the inflorescence
- Inflorescence bract position (Sparganium)
- NA
- Inflorescence bracts
- there is only one bract, and it looks like a continuation of the stem
- Inflorescence branching
-
- the inflorescence is branched
- the inflorescence is on one or more stems with no branches
- Inflorescence crowding
-
- the inflorescence is at least somewhat spread out, with at least one branch coming from the main stem
- the inflorescence is crowded together in one tight cluster
- Inflorescence position
- the inflorescence appears to come from the side of the plant because the involucral bract at its base looks like an extension of the main stem
- Inflorescence shape
- the aggregations within the inflorescence are roughly circular (not flattened) in cross-section
- Inflorescence type
-
- there are two or more flowers, spikes or flower clusters on a branched inflorescence
- there is one spike or raceme at the tip of the stem
- Perianth composition
- there is no perianth on the plant
- Stamen number
- 3
- Stigma number
- 2
- Style division
- the top two thirds of the style is divided
- floral bristle barbs
- NA
- plantlets budding at flower bases
- no
-
Fruits or seeds
- Achene beak length
- 0.1–0.3 mm
- Achene surface texture
- the achene has tiny wrinkles that run cross-wise across the achene
- Achene tubercle relative width
- NA
- Achene tubercle width
- 0 mm
- Capsule relative length
- NA
- Fruit cross-section
-
- the fruit is lenticular (lens-shaped) in cross-section
- the fruit is triangular to terete (circular) in cross-section
- Fruit length
- 1.3–2.5 mm
- Fruit type (general)
- the fruit is like a seed, and surrounded by scales
- Fruit type (specific)
- the fruit is an achene (dry, seed-like fruit) without a tubercle (a swelling or projection, usually of a different color or texture)
- Locules in capsule
- NA
- Seed length
- 0 mm
- Seed tail relative length
- 0 mm
- Seed tails
- NA
- Tubercle height
- 0 mm
-
Growth form
- Lifespan
- the plant lives only a single year or less
- Rhizome thickness
- 1 mm
- Underground organs
- the plant has a rhizome (a horizontal underground stem with roots growing from it)
-
Leaves
- Auricle length
- 0 mm
- Auricle texture
- NA
- Auricles
- there are no auricles on the leaf sheath
- Leaf blade cross-section
- the leaf blade is flat or rolled in at the edges
- Leaf blade length
- 1–200 mm
- Leaf blade width
- 0.2–1 mm
- Leaf form
- all the leaves hold their form out of water
- Leaf position on plant
- some leaf attachment points are above the midpoint of the stem
- Leaf septa
- the leaf blades do not have transverse septa
- Leaf sheath hairs
- the leaf sheathes are without hairs
- Pedicel length (Typha)
- 0 mm
- Stem leaf blade ligules
- the plant has ligules at the leaf blade bases
- Stem leaf blades
-
- there are fully-developed leaves with leaf blades on the main stem
- there are no leaves on the main stem, or there is a small tooth or tiny blade, or a leaf sheath with no blade
- Width of seed-producing inflorescence
- 2.5–3.5 mm
-
Place
- Habitat
-
- aquatic
- wetlands
- New England state
- Massachusetts
- Specific habitat
- shores of rivers or lakes
-
Stem, shoot, branch
- Plant height
- 5–80 cm
- Stem shape in cross-section
- the stem is round or oval in cross-section
- Stem texture near tip
- the stem feels smooth near the tip
- Stem thickness at midpoint
- 0.5–1 mm
Wetland status
Occurs only in wetlands. (Wetland indicator code: OBL)
New England distribution and conservation status
Distribution
- Connecticut
- absent
- Maine
- absent
- Massachusetts
- present
- New Hampshire
- absent
- Rhode Island
- absent
- Vermont
- absent
Conservation status
Exact status definitions can vary from state to state. For details, please check with your state.
- Massachusetts
- historical (S-rank: SH), #NAME? (code: #NAME?)
Native to North America?
Yes
Sometimes confused with
Family
Genus
From the dichotomous key of Flora Novae Angliae
4. Schoenoplectus hallii (Gray) S.G. Sm. NC
Hall’s bulrush. Scirpus hallii Gray; S. supinus L. var. hallii (Gray) Gray • MA; historically known from two pond shores in the eastern portion of the state. Sandy or peaty draw-down pond shores.