Myriophyllum farwellii — Farwell's water-milfoil

Characteristics

• Flowers

  Anther length

  0.4 mm

  Carpels fused

  the carpels are fused to one another

  Flower lower lip length

  0 mm

  Flower position

  the flowers are below the surface of the water

  Flower symmetry

  there are two or more ways to evenly divide the flower (the flower is radially symmetrical)

  Inflorescence type

  the flowers grow out of the axil (point where a branch or leaf is attached to the main stem)

  Length of flower stalk

  0 mm

  Length of peduncle

  0 mm

  Nectar spur

  the flower has no nectar spurs

  Number of carpels

  4

  Ovary position

  the sepals and/or petals are attached above the ovary

  Palate on corolla

  no

  Petal and sepal arrangement

  the flower includes two cycles of petal- or sepal-like structures

  Petal appearance

  the petals are thin and delicate, and pigmented (colored other than green or brown)

  Petal color

  purple

  Petal fringed edges

  the petals are fringed

  Petal fusion

  the perianth parts are separate

  Petal length

  1 mm

  Petal number

  4

  Petal or sepal number

  there are four petals, sepals, or tepals in the flower

  Pistil number

  1

  Sepal appearance

  the sepals resemble leaves in color and texture

  Sepal number

  4

  Spur length

  0 mm

  Stamen number

  4

  Stamens fused to petals

  the stamens are not fused to the petals or tepals

  Style number

  4

• Fruits or seeds

  Fruit length

  2–2.5 mm

  Fruit type (general)

  the fruit is dry and splits open when ripe

  Fruit type (specific)

  the fruit is a schizocarp (when dry it splits into sections, each holding one or more seeds)

  Fruit width

  2 mm

• Glands or sap

  Oil glands on nodes

  none of the nodes have oil glands

  Sap

  the sap is clear and watery

• Growth form

  Lifespan

  the plant lives more than two years

  Root septa

  the roots do not have transverse septa

  Roots floating in water

  there are no clusters of roots floating in the water

  Turions

  the plant has turions

  Underground organs

  the plant has a rhizome (a horizontal underground stem with roots growing from it)

• Leaves

  Bract position (Sparganium)

  NA

  Bract relative length

  At least 1379 mm

  Bracts

  the flowers or their pedicels have bracts at their bases

  Floating leaf basal lobes

  NA

  Floating leaf blade width

  0 mm

  Floating leaf length

  0 mm

  Floating leaf shape

  NA

  Floating leaf tip

  NA

  Floral bract form

  the bracts are much more lobed, or much less lobed, than the foliage leaves

  Floral bract length

  0.4 mm

  Leaf arrangement

  • alternate: there is one leaf per node along the stem
  • whorled: there are three or more leaves per node along the stem

  Leaf blade length

  10–25 mm

  Leaf blade veins

  the lateral veins radiate from the base and continue to spread away from the centerline of the leaf, or branch off the central vein at intervals

  Leaf position

  the leaves are all submerged underwater

  Leaf special features

  none of the mentioned special features are present

  Leaf-like branch segments

  5–12

  Leaf-like branch shape

  the leaf-like branches are round

  Specific leaf type

  the leaf is once pinnately divided and the segments are very narrow, each side providing the appearance of a comb

  Staminate bract edge (Myriophyllum)

  the edges of the staminate bracts are either smooth and without teeth, or with tiny, outward-pointing teeth

  Stipule appearance

  NA

  Stipule fused to leaf

  NA

  Stipules

  there are no stipules on the plant

  Stipules fused around stem

  NA

  Trap-bladder length

  0 mm

  Underwater leaf blade edges

  the underwater leaf blades are lobed

  Underwater leaf blade shape

  • the underwater leaf blade is ovate (widest below the middle and broadly tapering at both ends)
  • the underwater leaf blade is triangular, with the stalk or attachment point on one of the sides

  Underwater leaf length

  10–25 mm

  Underwater leaf stalk

  yes

  Veins in floating leaf

  0

• Place

  Habitat

  aquatic

  New England state

  • Connecticut
  • Maine
  • Massachusetts
  • New Hampshire
  • Rhode Island
  • Vermont

  Specific habitat

  • in lakes or ponds
  • in rivers or streams

• Stem, shoot, branch

  Flowering stem growth form

  the flowering stem is upright

Wetland status

Occurs only in wetlands. (Wetland indicator code: OBL)

In New England

From Flora Novae Angliae dichotomous key